Lee DH, Steffes MW, Sjdin A, Jones RS, Needham LL, Jacobs DR Jr
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Abbreviations ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure ADH: Alcohol dehydrogenase AH: Alcohol-associated hepatitis ALC: Alcohol-associated cirrhosis ALD: Alcohol-associated liver disease ALT: Alanine aminotransferase ASK1: Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 AST: Aspartate aminotransferase AUD: Alcohol use disorder FGF21: Fibroblast growth factor 21 FMT: Fecal microbiota transplantation FXR: Farnesoid X receptor G-CSF: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase IgG2-Fc: Immunoglobulin G subclass 2 fragment crystallizable region IL: Interleukin IL-1R1: Interleukin-1 receptor type 1 IRBC: Immunoglobulin-rich bovine colostrum LPS: Lipopolysaccharide MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease MTD: Metadoxine NAC: N-acetylcysteine NADPH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NF-B: Nuclear factor kappa B PAMPs: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns ROS: Reactive oxygen species STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4 TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha References Danpanichkul P, Duangsonk K, Diaz LA, Chen VL, Rangan P, Sukphutanan B, et al
Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein expression in human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with nicotine
